What is the working principle of permanent magnet synchronous motor?

The working principle of permanent magnet synchronous motor is mainly based on the interaction between electromagnetic induction and the magnetic field of permanent magnet. Its basic working process is as follows:

1. Structural composition:
- Stator: It consists of windings and iron cores. When the windings are energized, a rotating magnetic field is generated.
- Rotor: Built-in permanent magnets form a constant magnetic field.

2. Generation of rotating magnetic field:
- When the stator windings are energized, the current passes through the windings to generate a rotating magnetic field. The frequency of the rotating magnetic field is related to the power supply frequency.

3. Movement of the rotor:
- The permanent magnets on the rotor interact with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator. Due to the interaction between the magnetic field of the permanent magnets and the rotating magnetic field of the stator, the rotor will rotate with the stator magnetic field.

4. Synchronous operation:
- Ideally, the rotation speed of the rotor is synchronized with the speed of the stator rotating magnetic field, so it is called a "synchronous motor". The speed of the rotor is proportional to the power supply frequency.

5. Control method:
- By adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the stator current, the speed and output torque of the motor can be controlled. Common control methods include vector control and direct torque control.

This design makes the permanent magnet synchronous motor have high efficiency, high power density and good dynamic performance, and is widely used in electric vehicles, industrial automation and other fields.